Legislature

Oregon earns the highest grade by stacking foundational ORS 181A.820 (1987) with the Sanctuary Promise Act (2021) plus a 2026 immigration package: HB 4138 federal agent identification, HB 4079 schools, SB 1570 hospitals, HB 4114 Protect Your Door Act, SB 1587 data brokers. The result is full credit on seven of nine standards under v3.3.

HB 4138 is the cleanest enacted federal-agent-identification template in the country — visible name/number/badge/agency, mask limits, civil rights enforcement, framed for all law enforcement. No injunction as of audit date.

Illinois demonstrates the cleanest implementation of STD-07 functional transparency: 5 ILCS 805/25 requires all state, county, and municipal LE to report annually to the AG on DHS detainer and warrant requests received. The AG publicly posts the Way Forward Act Public Report at illinoisattorneygeneral.gov with downloadable PDFs, Excel data, and a list of non-reporting agencies — enforcement teeth visible to the public.

The Castañon Nava consent decree (2011, judicially enforced) produced the Seventh Circuit's May 2026 "systemic violations" ruling against ICE warrantless arrests — the strongest single federal-court accountability outcome in the dataset.

New Jersey codified the Immigrant Trust Directive into statute (A4071/S3521) and bundled it with mask/ID protections (c.3) and data privacy (c.4). The bundling architecture is the most underused entrenchment strategy in the country — single bills are easier to repeal than multi-bill packages. The AG publishes ITD compliance data at njoag.gov/trust/.

The Department of Justice sued New Jersey in May 2026 over P.L. 2026 c.3 on Supremacy Clause grounds — an active federal lawsuit against a state agent-ID statute is direct evidence that the statute is binding enough to constrain federal operations.

California is the only state with a full 5-domain information firewall (voter, DMV, schools, health, professional licensing). SB 54 §7284.6(c)(1) requires the AG to publish an annual public Values Act Report on cooperation activity across 730+ LEAs — the longest-running AG transparency report in the dataset.

AG Bonta's enforcement record is the most active in the country: Bonta v. El Cajon (2025); 12+ local LE investigations; suit against HHS over Medicaid data. Court-status modifier applies to SB 805 + SB 627 (both enjoined by 9th Circuit April 2026 on Supremacy Clause grounds) and AB 32 (struck down).

HB 9 is the first state statute to create a real enforcement mechanism specifically for cooperation violations. Section 4 explicitly bans 287(g) agreements and terminates existing ones; Section 5 empowers the Attorney General or District Attorney to bring civil action for declaratory and injunctive relief when state or local agencies enter or renew prohibited 287(g)-type or civil detention contracts.

The first test came in April 2026: AG Torrez filed an emergency petition against Otero County's new ICE contract; the NM Supreme Court declined to intervene before the May 20 effective date but enforcement will proceed afterward. The structure is in place; the case law is forming.

Per the ACLU's framing, Vermont H.849 creates the only private right of action for damages against any government official — federal, state, or local — who violates civil rights under color of law. Compensatory damages, punitive damages, and reasonable attorney fees. Codified at 12 V.S.A. ch. 205 § 5797.

It is not a cooperation-specific statute; under v3.3 methodology it scores 0 (rather than 1) on STD-08 (Enforcement & Remedies) because the mechanism is general civil rights, not cooperation-specific (per spec §4.2 Converse-1983 exclusion strictly applied). But it remains the only enacted state remedy that reaches federal officers and offers damages, not just injunctive relief — a real protection that lives in the omnibus companion section and the editorial layer.